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Compare a 3s orbital to a 3p orbital. Which of the following are true? I. The orbitals have the same shape. II. The orbitals have different shapes. III. The orbitals have the same energy. IV. The orbitals have different energies.

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Answer:

II. The orbitals have different shapes.  

IV. The orbitals have different energies.  

Explanation:

1. Shapes

Below are pictures of a 3s and a 3p orbital.

The 3s orbital has a spherical shape, and the 3p orbital has a dumbbell shape.

2. Energies

For every element except H, the order of energies is

3s < 3p

For a hydrogen atom,

3s = 3p

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