The ability of viruses to spread from one cell to another (a process known as transformation) led to the experimental evidence that DNA was the genetic material that had pneumonia-causing germs.
In 1952, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted a number of experiments that contributed to the realization that DNA is genetic material. The Hershey-Chase experiments are these investigations.
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins were conducting DNA research at King's College in London. Wilkins and Franklin's primary method was X-ray diffraction, which produced a shadow image of the molecule's structure based on how the X-rays rebounded off its constituent parts after passing through the molecule.
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